THIRUKURAL of THIRUVALLUVAR is the most popular, most widely esteemed
Tamil Classic of all times. It is a tamil book on philosophy and
life in general, written by Thiruvalluvar, a sage and philosopher,
about 2000 years ago. Its appeal is universal. It is the only tamil
literary work (possibly after the Bible) that has been translated
many times in almost all languages of the world.
thirukural on the Internet
The entire work of 1330 couplets is available on internet in Tamil Script form at the following sites:
Commentaries (urai) in tamil
- S. Annamalai
thirukural cinthani, Cennai: Vanathi patipakam, 1987
- Ka. Appathurai (uraiyaciriyar)
thirukural manivilakka urai, Cennai: alamelu nilaiyam, 1967
- Mylai Seeni Govindarasanar
Tirukkural natakam, Cennai: Star Piracuram, 1964.
- Kokila Thangasami
Kural pullankuzhal utukiratu, Koyamputtur : Vijaya Patippakam ; distribution in Cennai :
Narmata Patippakam, 1987.
Translations, Commentaries in English
- Aiyar, V.V.S,
Kural_: Maxims of thiruvalluvar, 4th ed, Madras, 1961
- Balasubramanian, K.M,
Thirukural of thiruvalluvar, Madras, 1962
- Yogi Suddanantha Bharathi:
Thirukural with english couplets, Madras, 1968
- Yogi Suddanantha Bharathi,
thirukural couplets with clear prose rendering, Madras, 1970
- Chakravarthi, A,
thirukural in english with commentary, Madras, 1953
- Karunanidhi, K / K. Chellappan:
Kural-portraits : Dr. Kalaignar M. Karunanidhi's Kuralovium , a translation from Tamil by K. Chellappan., Annamalainagar : Annamalai University, 1989-
- Drew, H.W.,
The kural of thiruvalluvar with commentary of Parimelazhakar, Madras, 1840
- Drew, H.W. and Lazarus, J.,
Thirukural (in verses), Reprint, Madras, 1956
- Diaz, S.M
Aphorisms of Valluvar : commentary and comparative study
Madras : International Society for the Investigation of Ancient Civilizations, 1982.
- Ellis, F.W.,
thirukural on virtue (in verse) with commentary, 1812, reprint Madras 1955
- Gajapathy Nayagar, A,
The rosary of gems of thirukkural, Madras, 1969
- Kasturi Srinivasan,
Thirukural: an ancient tamil classic (in couplets), Bombay, 1969
- K.C. Kamaliah
Preface in the Kural : a comparative study of the first forty couplets of the Kural; with English renderings of G. U. Pope ...[et al.] and their commentaries and also the commentaries of.., Madras : M. Seshachalam, 1973.
- Mathavaiyah, A,
Kural in English with commentary in Tamil, Madras, 1925
- Michael, S.M.,
The sacred aphorisms of thiruvalluvar (in verse), Nagarcoil, 1928
- Muthuswamy, P,
Thirukural in english, Madurai, 1965
- Parameswaran Aiyar, T.V.,
108 gems from the sacred Kural, Kottayam, 1928
- Parameswaran Pillai, V.K.
, kural, Madras
- Pope, G.U,
A collection of the english translation of thirukural, Madras, 1959
- Popely, H.A.,
The sacred Kural (selections in verses), Calcutta, 1951
- Raja, P,
thirukural (in verses), Kumbakonam, 1950
- Rajagopalachari, C,
kural, the great book of thiruvalluvar, Madras, 1937, 3rd ed, 1973
- Ramachandra Dikshithar, V.R.,
thirukural in english with roman translation, Madras, 1949
- Ranganatha Muthaliar, A:
thirukural moolamum uraiyum with english translation, Madras, 1933
- Thangaswami, T.D,
thirukural (selections in verse), Madras, 1954
- Thirunavukarasu, Mrs, T.,
Kural a selection of 366 verses (a gem for each day), Poona, 1916
- Vadivel chettiar, K,
kural in english with tamil text and parimelazhakar commentary,(3parts), Madurai, 1972-1980
- Vanmikinathan, G,
the thirukural - a unique guide to moral, material and spiritual prosperity, trichy, 1969
thirukural translations in languages of India/World
The following is a list of translations/commentaries of the tamil literary
classic THIRUKURAL - taken out from
the Encyclopaedia of Tamil Literature, vol. 1,
Inst. of Asian Studies, Thiruvanmayur, Tamilnadu, India.
ASSAMESE
- Nalini Mohan, Sanyal, thirukural, Calcutta, 1939
- Sastri, E.C., thirukural, Calcutta, 1974
BURMESE
- Myo Thant, U, thirukkural, Rangoon
CHINESE
- Chi Eng Hsi, thirukkural, Hongkong, 1967
CZECH
- Zvelebil, Kamil V, Thirukural (selections), Prague, 1952-1954
DUTCH
- Kat, D, Thirukural (selections), Netherlands, 1964
FIJI
- Berwick, S.L, Na. Thirukkurala, Fiji, 1964
FINNISH
- Aalto, Pentit, Kural - the ancient tamil classic, Finland, 1972
FRENCH
- Ariel, M, kural de thiruvalluvar (traduits du tamoul), Paris, 1848
- Barrigue de, Fontaineu, G, le livre de l'amour de thiruvalluva, Paris, 1889
- Danielou, Alain, thiruvallouvar kural, Pondicherry, 1942
- Jacolliot, Louis, kural de thiruvalluvar, selections, Paris, 1767
- Lamairesse, M, thirukural in french, Pondicherry, 1867
GERMAN
- Albrecht, Fenz and K. Lalithambal: thirukural von thiruvalluvar aus dem Tamil, Madurai, 1977
- Cammera, A.F, thirukural waith german translation, Leipzig, 1803
- Graul, Karl, der kural des thiruvalluvar, London, 1854
- Graul, Karl, der tamu lische gnomes dichtar thiruvalluvar, Leipzig, 1865
- Rickert, Friederich, thirukural, selections, Berlin, 1847
- William and Norgate, Der kural des thiruvalluvar, 2nd ed, London, 1866
GUJARATHI
- Kalani, Kandilal, L, thirukural in Gujarathi, Bombay, 1971
HINDI
- Sankar Raju Naidu, S, thirukural in Hindi, Madras, 1958
- Seshadri, K, thirukural in Hindi, Lucknow, 1982
- Govindaraj Jain, Kural in verse, first two parts, New delhi, 1942
- Jain, B.D, thirukural, thirupananthal, 1961
- Khenand Rakar, thirukural, parts 1 and 2, Ajmer, 1924
- Rajan Pillai, thirukural, Lucknow, 1976
- Venkatakrishnan, M.G, thirukural, Trichy, 1964
KANNADA
- Gundappa, L, thirukural (3 parts), Madras, 1960
- Gundappa, L, thirukural dharma bhaga, Bangalore, 1955
- Srinivas, P.S, thirukural with original couplets and translations in Kannada, Madurai, 1982
- Srikanthaiah, B.M, Kural (selections in verses), bangalore, 1940
LATIN
- Graul, Charles, Kural of thiruvalluvar, Tranquebar, 1866
- Veeramamunivar, thirukural (Books I and II), London, 1930
MALAY
- Ismail, Hussein: thirukural sastera kalasik tamil yang, Kuala Lumpur, 1967
- Ramily Bin Thakir thirukural (in verses), Kuala Lumpur, 1964
MALAYALAM
- Azhakathu Kurup, thirukural in verses, Trivandrum, 1875
- Balakrishna Nair, G, Kural waith commentary, Part I, Trivandrum, 1963
- Chellan Nadar, K, thirukural tharmanaskantam, Parassala, 1962
- Damodaran Pillai,P, thirukural manikal, Trivandrum, 1951
- Gopalakurup, Vennikulam, thirukural (first 2 parts in verse), Kottayam, 1960
- Govinda Pillai, A, thirukural, Trivandrum
ORIYA
- Kishrod, Dash Ch, thirukuralu-in oriya language, Sampalbur, 1985
PUNJABI
- Ram Murti Sharma, thirukural dhamma granth of the tamils, Chandigarh, 1983
POLISH
- Umadevi, Wandy Dynowskiev, thiruvalluvar kural, Madras, 1958
RAJASTHANI
- Kamala Gurg, thirukural needhi sastra, Jaipur, 1982
RUSSIAN
- Glazov, J.J and Krishnamurthi, A, thirukural, a book on virtu, politics and love, Moscow, 1963
- Glazov, J.J, thirukural in couplets with illustrations, Moscow, 1974
SANSKRIT
- Srirama Desikan, S.N, thirukural in sanskrit slokas, Madras, 1961, 1968
SAURASTRA
- Ram, S.S, Saurastra thirukural payiram - pitika pragaranam, Madurai, 1980
SINGALESE
- De Silva, Charles, Sirigiya (thirukural in sinhalese), Colombo, 1964
- Sissigamy Govokgada, M, thirukural, Colombo, 1961
SWEDISH
- Frykholm Ingya, thirukural, Uddavalla, 1971
TELUGU
- Jagannatha Sastri, Mudiganthi, thiruvalluva sookthalu, West Godavari, 1952
- Lakshminarayana Sastri, Kural, chittoor, 1906
URDU
- Kohan, Muhamad Yusuf, Kural in Urdu and Arabic, Madras, 1976
- Surawathi Hasarat, Kural in Urdu, New Delhi, 1966
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